PLA2R

Phospholipase (PL) A2 receptor (PL2R) belongs to a type I transmembrane receptor and is also a member of the mannose receptor family. Its C-terminus contains a structure that interacts with endocytic devices and can participate in extracellular ligands. Molecules enter the human cell process. It co-localizes with immunoglobulin G4 in glomerular podocytes of patients with nephrotic syndrome, and forms an immune complex with the corresponding protein, which is deposited in the glomerulus to activate the complement system, producing a series of symptoms such as proteinuria. The study found that serum PLA2R antibody has high specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of kidney disease; serum PLA2R antibody can reflect the degree of disease activity to some extent. Recent studies have shown that serum PLA2R antibodies are closely related to nephrotic syndrome and can be used for diagnosis, monitoring of disease, prognosis and efficacy judgment.
The antiphospholipid enzyme A2 receptor can be divided into two types, M type and N type, wherein type M is an important target antigen of autoantibodies. The anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody in the blood of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy is mostly IgG4 subtype. This is an immunoglobulin subclass in glomerular sediment. The IgG eluted from the patient's sediment can effectively recognize the antiphospholipid. So the antiphospholipid enzyme A2 receptor is one of the main antigens that trigger idiopathic membranous nephropathy. The antiphospholipidase A2 receptor in the blood of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy combines with its antibody conformational epitope to form an in situ immune complex deposited under the glomerular basement membrane, which can lead to abnormal podocyte function and glomerular basement membrane thickness. Therefore, determination of serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor expression levels in serum and renal tissue plays a key role in the diagnosis and monitoring of the progression of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.