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TK1

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a gamma-phosphate group to thymidine. This creates dTMP and is the first step in the biosynthesis of dTTP, which is one component required for DNA replication. The encoded protein, whose levels fluctuate depending on the cell cycle stage, can act as a low activity dimer or a high activity tetramer. High levels of this protein have been used as a biomarker for diagnosing and categorizing many types of cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins

Predicted location

Intracellular

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Extravillous trophoblasts, Erythroid cells, Cytotrophoblasts, Hofbauer cells)

Immune cell specificity

Immune cell enhanced (T-reg)

Cell line specificity

Low cell line specificity

Interaction

Homotetramer (PubMed:15611477, PubMed:15733844, PubMed:17407781, PubMed:22385435, PubMed:14697231). Tetramerization from dimerization is induced by ATP and increases catalytic efficiency due to a high affinity for thymidine (PubMed:14697231). Tetramerization is inhibited by phosphorylation at Ser-13 (PubMed:14697231). Interacts (via the KEN box) with FZR1 (PubMed:14701726).

Molecular function

Kinase, Transferase

More Types Infomation

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For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.

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