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BMP4

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. This protein regulates heart development and adipogenesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with orofacial cleft and microphthalmia in human patients. The encoded protein may also be involved in the pathology of multiple cardiovascular diseases and human cancers.
Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes

Predicted location

Intracellular, Secreted (different isoforms)

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Fibroblasts, Hepatic stellate cells, Skeletal myocytes, Basal squamous epithelial cells, Pancreatic endocrine cells, Syncytiotrophoblasts)

Immune cell specificity

Immune cell enhanced (non-classical monocyte)

Cell line specificity

Cell line enhanced (CACO-2, CAPAN-2, Hep G2, OE19, SuSa)

Interaction

Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with GREM2. Part of a complex consisting of TWSG1 and CHRD. Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3; the interaction with either inhibits BMP4-mediated signaling. The HTRA protease activity is required for this inhibition (By similarity). Interacts with SOSTDC1. Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain) and FBN2 (PubMed:18339631). Interacts with type I receptor BMPR1A (PubMed:8006002). Interacts with type II receptor BMPR2 (PubMed:29212066). Interacts with FSTL1; this interaction inhibits the activation of the BMP4/Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway (PubMed:29212066). Interacts with SCUBE3 (PubMed:33308444).

Molecular function

Cytokine, Developmental protein, Growth factor

More Types Infomation

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