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BRAF

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the RAF family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This protein plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERK signaling pathway, which affects cell division, differentiation, and secretion. Mutations in this gene, most commonly the V600E mutation, are the most frequently identified cancer-causing mutations in melanoma, and have been identified in various other cancers as well, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, colorectal cancer, thyroid carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, hairy cell leukemia and adenocarcinoma of lung. Mutations in this gene are also associated with cardiofaciocutaneous, Noonan, and Costello syndromes, which exhibit overlapping phenotypes. A pseudogene of this gene has been identified on the X chromosome.
Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins

Predicted location

Intracellular

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Excitatory neurons, Inhibitory neurons, Oligodendrocyte precursor cells, Oligodendrocytes)

Immune cell specificity

Low immune cell specificity

Cell line specificity

Low cell line specificity

Interaction

Monomer. Homodimer. Heterodimerizes with RAF1, and the heterodimer possesses a highly increased kinase activity compared to the respective homodimers or monomers. Heterodimerization is mitogen-regulated and enhanced by 14-3-3 proteins. MAPK1/ERK2 activation can induce a negative feedback that promotes the dissociation of the heterodimer by phosphorylating BRAF at Thr-753. Heterodimerizes (via N-terminus) with KSR1 (via N-terminus) or KSR2 (via N-terminus) in a MAP2K1-dependent manner (PubMed:29433126). Interacts with MAP2K1 and MAP2K2 (PubMed:29433126). Found in a complex with at least BRAF, HRAS, MAP2K1, MAPK3 and RGS14. Interacts with RIT1. Interacts (via N-terminus) with RGS14 (via RBD domains); the interaction mediates the formation of a ternary complex with RAF1, a ternary complex inhibited by GNAI1 (By similarity). Interacts with DGKH (PubMed:19710016). Interacts with PRMT5 (PubMed:21917714). Interacts with KSR2 (PubMed:21441910). Interacts with AKAP13, MAP2K1 and KSR1. Identified in a complex with AKAP13, MAP2K1 and KSR1 (PubMed:21102438). Interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2 (PubMed:27353360).

Molecular function

Allosteric enzyme, Kinase, Serine/threonine-protein kinase, Transferase

More Types Infomation

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