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DHX9

This gene encodes a member of the DEAH-containing family of RNA helicases. The encoded protein is an enzyme that catalyzes the ATP-dependent unwinding of double-stranded RNA and DNA-RNA complexes. This protein localizes to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm and functions as a transcriptional regulator. This protein may also be involved in the expression and nuclear export of retroviral RNAs. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 11 and 13.
Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, Plasma proteins

Predicted location

Intracellular

Single cell type specificity

Low cell type specificity

Immune cell specificity

Low immune cell specificity

Cell line specificity

Low cell line specificity

Interaction

Component of the coding region determinant (CRD)-mediated complex, composed of DHX9, HNRNPU, IGF2BP1, SYNCRIP and YBX1 (PubMed:19029303). Identified in a mRNP complex, at least composed of DHX9, DDX3X, ELAVL1, HNRNPU, IGF2BP1, ILF3, PABPC1, PCBP2, PTBP2, STAU1, STAU2, SYNCRIP and YBX1 (PubMed:19029303). Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs (PubMed:17289661). The large PER complex involved in the repression of transcriptional termination is composed of at least PER2, CDK9, DDX5, DHX9, NCBP1 and POLR2A (active) (By similarity). Associates (via DRBM domains) with the RISC complex; this association occurs in a small interfering (siRNA)-dependent manner (PubMed:17531811, PubMed:23361462). Associates with the SMN complex; this association induces recruitment of DHX9 to the RNA polymerase II (ref.8). Associates with polysomes in a LIN28A-dependent manner (PubMed:16680162, PubMed:21247876). Interacts (via C-terminus) with ACTB; this interaction is direct and mediates the attachment to nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes (PubMed:11687588). Interacts with ADAR isoform 1; this interaction occurs in a RNA-independent manner (PubMed:28355180). Interacts (via DRBM domains) with AGO2 (via middle region); this interaction promotes active RISC assembly by promoting the association of siRNA with AGO2 (PubMed:17531811, PubMed:23361462). Interacts (via RGG region) with AKAP8L (via N-terminus) (PubMed:11402034). Interacts with BRCA1 (via C-terminus); this interaction is direct and links BRCA1 to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme (PubMed:9662397). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CREBBP; this interaction mediates association with RNA polymerase II holoenzyme and stimulates CREB-dependent transcriptional activation (PubMed:9323138). Interacts (via N-terminus) with EIF2AK2/PKR; this interaction is dependent upon the activation of the kinase (PubMed:19229320). Interacts (via DRBM domains) with DICER1 (PubMed:17531811). Interacts with H2AX; this interaction is direct, requires phosphorylation of histone H2AX on 'Ser-140' by PRKDC and promotes binding of DHX9 to transcriptionally stalled sites on chromosomal DNA in response to genotoxic stress (PubMed:15613478, PubMed:17498979). Interacts with HNRNPC; this interaction is direct, enhanced probably by their concomitant binding to RNA and mediates the attachment to actin filaments (PubMed:11687588). Interacts (via RGG region) with PRMT1 (PubMed:15084609). Interacts with IGF2BP1 (PubMed:17289661, PubMed:23640942). Interacts with IGF2BP2, IGF2BP3 (PubMed:23640942). Interacts (via DRBM domains) with ILF3; this interaction occurs in a RNA-independent manner (PubMed:12946349). Interacts with Importin alpha/Importin beta receptor (PubMed:16375861). Interacts with LARP6 (via C-terminus); this interaction occurs in a mRNA-independent manner (PubMed:22190748). Interacts (via N- and C-terminus) with LIN28A (via C-terminus); this interaction occurs in a RNA-independent manner (PubMed:21247876). Interacts with LMX1B (PubMed:23308148). Interacts (via helicase C-terminal domain, HA2 and OB-fold regions) with MAVS (via CARD domain); this interaction occurs in both resting and double-stranded RNA poly(I:C)-induced cells (PubMed:21957149). Interacts with MBD2; this interaction stimulates transcriptional activation in a CREB-dependent manner (PubMed:12665568). Interacts (via H2A and OB-fold regions) with MYD88 (via TIR domain); this interaction is direct (PubMed:20696886). Interacts with NLRP9 upon rotavirus infection; this interaction may trigger NLRP9 inflammasome activation and inflammatory response (PubMed:28636595). Interacts (via DRBM, OB-fold and RGG regions) with NUP98 (via N-terminus); this interaction occurs in a RNA-dependent manner and stimulates DHX9-mediated ATPase activity and regulates transcription and splicing of a subset of genes (PubMed:28221134). Interacts (via N-terminus) with NXF1 (via N-terminus); this interaction is direct and negatively regulates NXF1-mediated nuclear export of constitutive transport element (CTE)-containing cellular mRNAs (PubMed:10924507). Interacts with RELA; this interaction is direct and activates NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription (PubMed:15355351). Interacts (via MTAD region) with RNA polymerase II holoenzyme; this interaction stimulates transcription activation in a CREB-dependent manner (PubMed:11149922, PubMed:9323138, PubMed:11416126). Interacts (via RGG region) with SMN1; this interaction links SMN1 to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme (PubMed:11149922). Interacts with SP7 (PubMed:17303075). Interacts (via DRBM domains) with TARBP2 (via DRBM first and second domains); this interaction occurs in a small interfering (siRNA)-dependent manner (PubMed:17531811, PubMed:23361462). Interacts with TOP2A; this interaction occurs in a E2 enzyme UBE2I- and RNA-dependent manner, negatively regulates DHX9-mediated double-stranded DNA and RNA duplex helicase activity and stimulates TOP2A-mediated supercoiled DNA relaxation activity (PubMed:12711669). Interacts (via DRBM domains and C-terminus) with WRN (via 3'-5' exonuclease domain); this interaction inhibits the DNA-dependent NTPase and DNA helicase activities of DHX9 and stimulates the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of WRN (PubMed:15995249). Interacts with XRCC5; this interaction occurs in a RNA-dependent manner (PubMed:14704337). Interacts with ZIC2 (via C2H2-type domain 3) (PubMed:17251188). Interacts with MCM3AP isoform GANP (PubMed:23652018). (Microbial infection) Interacts with Chikungunya virus non-structural protein 3 (via C-terminus); this interaction allows the recruitment of DHX9 to the plasma membrane, where it associates with viral replication complexes and may play a role in the translation-to-replication switch.

Molecular function

Activator, DNA-binding, Helicase, Hydrolase, RNA-binding

More Types Infomation

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