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For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.
Secreted
Cell type enhanced (Fibroblasts, Adipocytes, Kupffer cells, Distal tubular cells, Smooth muscle cells)
Not detected in immune cells
Cell line enhanced (ASC diff, BJ hTERT+, BJ hTERT+ SV40 Large T+, BJ hTERT+ SV40 Large T+ RasG12V, fHDF/TERT166, HSkMC)
Monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium. Dimer formation is induced by non acidic pH and the presence of multivalent anions, and by binding to CXCR4 or heparin. Monomeric form is required for full chemotactic activity and resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury, whereas the dimeric form acts as a partial agonist of CXCR4, stimulating Ca2+ mobilization but with no chemotactic activity and instead acts as a selective antagonist that blocks chemotaxis induced by the monomeric form. Interacts with the N-terminus of ACKR3. Interacts with integrin subunit ITGB3 (via the allosteric site (site 2)) (PubMed:29301984). Interacts with TNFAIP6 (via Link domain). (Microbial infection) Interacts with molluscum contagiosum virus protein MC148.
Cytokine, Growth factor