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TBP

Engineered Antibody
Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes TBP, the TATA-binding protein. A distinctive feature of TBP is a long string of glutamines in the N-terminus. This region of the protein modulates the DNA binding activity of the C terminus, and modulation of DNA binding affects the rate of transcription complex formation and initiation of transcription. The number of CAG repeats encoding the polyglutamine tract is usually 25-42, and expansion of the number of repeats to 45-66 increases the length of the polyglutamine string and is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 17, a neurodegenerative disorder classified as a polyglutamine disease. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]
Protein class

Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Transcription factors

Predicted location

Intracellular

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Spermatocytes)

Immune cell specificity

Low immune cell specificity

Cell line specificity

Low cell line specificity

Interaction

Binds DNA as monomer (PubMed:2194289, PubMed:2374612). Component of the TFIID basal transcription factor complex, composed of TATA-box-binding protein TBP, and a number of TBP-associated factors (TAFs), including TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13 (PubMed:9836642, PubMed:27007846, PubMed:33795473). Part of a TFIID-containing RNA polymerase II pre-initiation complex that is composed of TBP and at least GTF2A1, GTF2A2, GTF2E1, GTF2E2, GTF2F1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4, GTF2H5, GTF2B, TCEA1, ERCC2, ERCC3, TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13 (PubMed:27007846, PubMed:33795473). Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, composed of TBP and at least TAF1A, TAF1B, TAF1C and TAF1D (PubMed:7801123). Association of TBP to form either TFIID or SL1/TIF-IB appears to be mutually exclusive (PubMed:7801123). Interacts with TAF1A, TAF1B and TAF1C (PubMed:7801123). Interacts with TFIIB, NCOA6, DRAP1, DR1 and ELF3 (PubMed:11461703, PubMed:10391676, PubMed:10567404). Interacts with SPIB, SNAPC1, SNAPC2 and SNAPC4 (PubMed:12621023, PubMed:10196196). Interacts with UTF1 (PubMed:9748258). Interacts with BRF2; this interaction promotes recruitment of BRF2 to TATA box-containing promoters (PubMed:11564744, PubMed:26638071). Interacts with UBTFD (PubMed:7982918). Interacts with GPBP1D (By similarity). Interacts with CITED2 (By similarity). Interacts with ATF7IP (Probable). Interacts with LLPH (By similarity). Interacts with HSF1 (via transactivation domain) (PubMed:11005381). Interacts with GTF2B (via C-terminus); this interaction with promoter-bound TBP guides RNA polymerase II into the pre-initiation complex (PIC) (PubMed:8504927). Interacts with PAX5 (PubMed:10197586). (Microbial infection) Interacts with HIV-1 Tat. (Microbial infection) Interacts with herpes simplex virus 1 ICP4. (Microbial infection) Interacts with herpes simplex virus 2 ICP4. (Microbial infection) Interacts with human adenovirus E1A protein; this interaction probably disrupts the TBP-TATA complex.

Molecular function

DNA-binding

More Types Infomation

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