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APEX2

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication so the cell contains systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site. This gene encodes a protein shown to have a weak class II AP endonuclease activity. Most of the encoded protein is located in the nucleus but some is also present in mitochondria. This protein may play an important role in both nuclear and mitochondrial base excision repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.
Predicted location

Intracellular

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Cytotrophoblasts, Syncytiotrophoblasts)

Immune cell specificity

Low immune cell specificity

Cell line specificity

Low cell line specificity

Interaction

Interacts with PCNA; this interaction is triggered by reactive oxygen species and increased by misincorporation of uracil in nuclear DNA.

Molecular function

DNA-binding, Endonuclease, Exonuclease, Hydrolase, Nuclease

More Types Infomation

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For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.

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