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AVP

This gene encodes a member of the vasopressin/oxytocin family and preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products. These products include the neuropeptide hormone arginine vasopressin, and two other peptides, neurophysin 2 and copeptin. Arginine vasopressin is a posterior pituitary hormone that is synthesized in the supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Along with its carrier protein, neurophysin 2, it is packaged into neurosecretory vesicles and transported axonally to the nerve endings in the neurohypophysis where it is either stored or secreted into the bloodstream. The precursor is thought to be activated while it is being transported along the axon to the posterior pituitary. Arginine vasopressin acts as a growth factor by enhancing pH regulation through acid-base transport systems. It has a direct antidiuretic action on the kidney, and also causes vasoconstriction of the peripheral vessels. This hormone can contract smooth muscle during parturition and lactation. It is also involved in cognition, tolerance, adaptation and complex sexual and maternal behaviour, as well as in the regulation of water excretion and cardiovascular functions. Mutations in this gene cause autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (ADNDI). This gene is present in a gene cluster with the related gene oxytocin on chromosome 20.
AVP
Protein class

Disease related genes, Human disease related genes

Predicted location

Secreted

Single cell type specificity

Group enriched (Proximal tubular cells, Late spermatids)

Immune cell specificity

Immune cell enriched (eosinophil)

Cell line specificity

Cell line enriched (NB-4)

Interaction

Interacts with vasopressin receptors V1bR/AVPR1B (Ki=85 pM), V1aR/AVPR1A (Ki=0.6 nM) and V2R/AVPR2 (Ki=4.9 nM) (PubMed:18174156). Interacts with oxytocin receptor (OXTR) (Ki=110 nM) (PubMed:18174156). [Arg-vasopressin]: (Microbial infection) May interact with SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2; they may form a complex with secreted ACE2.

Molecular function

Hormone, Vasoactive, Vasoconstrictor

More Types Infomation

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