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DROSHA

This gene encodes a ribonuclease (RNase) III double-stranded RNA-specific ribonuclease and subunit of the microprocessor protein complex, which catalyzes the initial processing step of microRNA (miRNA) synthesis. The encoded protein cleaves the stem loop structure from the primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) in the nucleus, yielding the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is then exported to the cytoplasm for further processing. In a human cell line lacking a functional copy of this gene, canonical miRNA synthesis is reduced. Somatic mutations in this gene have been observed in human patients with kidney cancer.
Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Enzymes

Predicted location

Intracellular

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Oligodendrocyte precursor cells)

Immune cell specificity

Low immune cell specificity

Cell line specificity

Low cell line specificity

Interaction

Component of the microprocessor complex, or pri-miRNA processing protein complex, which is composed of DROSHA and DGCR8 (PubMed:15589161, PubMed:15574589, PubMed:15531877, PubMed:16751099, PubMed:26027739, PubMed:26748718). The microprocessor complex is a heterotrimer; each of the two DROSHA RNase III domains binds one DGCR8 (via C-terminal region) (PubMed:26027739, PubMed:26748718). Interacts with SP1 and SNIP1 (PubMed:10976766, PubMed:18632581). Interacts with SRRT/ARS2 (By similarity). Interacts with CPSF3 and ISY1; this interaction is in an RNA dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with PUS10; interaction promotes pri-miRNAs processing (PubMed:31819270).

Molecular function

Endonuclease, Hydrolase, Nuclease, RNA-binding

More Types Infomation

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