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PARP1

This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
PARP1
Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins

Predicted location

Intracellular

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Cytotrophoblasts)

Immune cell specificity

Low immune cell specificity

Cell line specificity

Low cell line specificity

Interaction

Homo- and heterodimer with PARP2. Interacts with APTX (PubMed:15044383). Component of a base excision repair (BER) complex, containing at least XRCC1, PARP1, PARP2, POLB and LRIG3 (By similarity). Interacts with SRY (PubMed:16904257). The SWAP complex consists of NPM1, NCL, PARP1 and SWAP70 (By similarity). Interacts with TIAM2 (By similarity). Interacts with PARP3; leading to activate PARP1 in absence of DNA (PubMed:20064938). Interacts (when poly-ADP-ribosylated) with CHD1L (via macro domain) (PubMed:19661379, PubMed:29220653). Interacts with the DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit POLA1; this interaction functions as part of the control of replication fork progression (PubMed:9518481). Interacts with EEF1A1 and TXK (PubMed:17177976). Interacts with RNF4 (PubMed:19779455). Interacts with RNF146 (PubMed:21799911). Interacts with ZNF423 (PubMed:22863007). Interacts with APLF (PubMed:17396150). Interacts with SNAI1 (via zinc fingers); the interaction requires SNAI1 to be poly-ADP-ribosylated and non-phosphorylated (active) by GSK3B (PubMed:21577210). Interacts (when poly-ADP-ribosylated) with PARP9 (PubMed:23230272). Interacts with NR4A3; activates PARP1 by improving acetylation of PARP1 and suppressing the interaction between PARP1 and SIRT1 (By similarity). Interacts (via catalytic domain) with PUM3; the interaction inhibits the poly-ADP-ribosylation activity of PARP1 and the degradation of PARP1 by CASP3 following genotoxic stress (PubMed:21266351). Interacts (via the PARP catalytic domain) with HPF1 (PubMed:27067600, PubMed:28190768, PubMed:29954836, PubMed:32028527). Interacts with ZNF365 (PubMed:23966166). Interacts with RRP1B (PubMed:19710015). Interacts with TIMELESS; the interaction is direct (PubMed:26344098). Interacts with CGAS; leading to impede the formation of the PARP1-TIMELESS complex (PubMed:30356214). Interacts with KHDC3L, the interaction is increased following the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (PubMed:31609975).

Molecular function

DNA-binding, Glycosyltransferase, Transferase

More Types Infomation

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