Rabbit Anti-GSK3A/GSK3B (phospho Y216/Y279) Recombinant Antibody (VS3-CJ998) (CAT#: VS3-CJ998)

• Immunogen
• Synthetic peptide conjugated to Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin (KLH)

• Host Species
• Rabbit

• Type
• Rabbit IgG

• Specificity
• Human, Mouse, Rat phospho-GSK3A/GSK3B (Y216/Y279)

• Species Reactivity
• Human, Mouse, Rat

• Applications
• WB, ICC, IHC, IP

• Conjugate
• Unconjugated

• Purification
• Protein A affinity purified

• Purity
• >95% as determined by SDS-PAGE

• Format
• Liquid

• Buffer
• 40% Glycerol, 1% BSA, TBS, pH7.4.

• Preservative
• 0.05% Sodium Azide

• Storage
• Store at 4°C for short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C for long term. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

• Application Notes
• This antibody has been tested for use in Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry, Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation.

• Alternative Names
• Glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha

• Gene ID
• 2931

• UniProt ID
• P49840

• Sequence Similarities
• Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily.

• Cellular Localization
• Apical dendrite, Axon, Beta-catenin destruction complex, Cytoplasm, Cytosol, Mitochondrion, Nucleus, Postsynapse, Proximal dendrite

• Post Translation Modifications
• Phosphorylated by AKT1 at Ser-21: upon insulin-mediated signaling, the activated PKB/AKT1 protein kinase phosphorylates and deactivates GSK3A, resulting in the dephosphorylation and activation of GYS1. Activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-279.
  (Microbial infection) Dephosphorylated at Tyr-279 by M.tuberculosis PtpA, which leads to prevention of apoptosis during early stages of microbial infection.

• Protein Refseq
• NP_063937.2

• Function
• Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC and AXIN1 (PubMed:11749387, PubMed:17478001, PubMed:19366350).
  Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates (PubMed:11749387, PubMed:17478001, PubMed:19366350).
  Contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis (PubMed:11749387, PubMed:17478001, PubMed:19366350).
  Regulates glycogen metabolism in liver, but not in muscle (By similarity).
  May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors (PubMed:10868943, PubMed:17478001).
  In Wnt signaling, regulates the level and transcriptional activity of nuclear CTNNB1/beta-catenin (PubMed:17229088).
  Facilitates amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and the generation of APP-derived amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer disease (PubMed:12761548).
  May be involved in the regulation of replication in pancreatic beta-cells (By similarity).
  Is necessary for the establishment of neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth (By similarity).
  Through phosphorylation of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1, may control cell apoptosis in response to growth factors deprivation (By similarity).
  Acts as a regulator of autophagy by mediating phosphorylation of KAT5/TIP60 under starvation conditions which activates KAT5/TIP60 acetyltransferase activity and promotes acetylation of key autophagy regulators, such as ULK1 and RUBCNL/Pacer (PubMed:30704899).
  Negatively regulates extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. Promotes the formation of an anti-apoptotic complex, made of DDX3X, BRIC2 and GSK3B, at death receptors, including TNFRSF10B. The anti-apoptotic function is most effective with weak apoptotic signals and can be overcome by stronger stimulation (By similarity).
  Phosphorylates mTORC2 complex component RICTOR at 'Thr-1695' which facilitates FBXW7-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of RICTOR (PubMed:25897075).

Isotype Control

• MOB-208CQ
• Rabbit IgG Isotype Control Antibody

Secondary Antibody

• 2ND-057CQ
• Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H&L) Antibody

• 2ND-059CQ
• Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H&L) Antibody