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LRP2

The protein encoded by this gene, low density lipoprotein-related protein 2 (LRP2) or megalin, is a multi-ligand endocytic receptor that is expressed in many different tissues but primarily in absorptive epithilial tissues such as the kidney. This glycoprotein has a large amino-terminal extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a short carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail. The extracellular ligand-binding-domains bind diverse macromolecules including albumin, apolipoproteins B and E, and lipoprotein lipase. The LRP2 protein is critical for the reuptake of numerous ligands, including lipoproteins, sterols, vitamin-binding proteins, and hormones. This protein also has a role in cell-signaling; extracellular ligands include parathyroid horomones and the morphogen sonic hedgehog while cytosolic ligands include MAP kinase scaffold proteins and JNK interacting proteins. Recycling of this membrane receptor is regulated by phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain. Mutations in this gene cause Donnai-Barrow syndrome (DBS) and facio-oculoacoustico-renal syndrome (FOAR).
Protein class

Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Transporters

Predicted location

Intracellular, Membrane (different isoforms)

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Oligodendrocytes, Proximal tubular cells, Cone photoreceptor cells, Cytotrophoblasts)

Immune cell specificity

Not detected in immune cells

Cell line specificity

Group enriched (AF22, CACO-2)

Interaction

Binds plasminogen, extracellular matrix components, plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor type I complex, apolipoprotein E-enriched beta-VLDL, lipoprotein lipase, lactoferrin, CLU/clusterin and calcium (PubMed:7768901). Forms a multimeric complex together with LRPAP1 (PubMed:1400426). Interacts (via PxLPxI/L motif) with ANKRA2 (via ankyrin repeats) (By similarity). Interacts with LRP2BP (PubMed:12508107). Interacts (via NPXY motif) with DAB2; the interaction is not affected by tyrosine phosphorylation of the NPXY motif (PubMed:10769163, 15134832). Interacts with MB (By similarity). Interacts with BMP4 (By similarity). Interacts with the Sonic hedgehog protein N-product which is the active product of SHH (By similarity). Interacts with CST3 in a calcium-dependent manner (PubMed:17462596). Interacts with the vitamin-D binding protein GC/DBP (By similarity). Interacts with sex hormone-binding protein SHBG (PubMed:16143106). Interacts with angiotensin-2 (By similarity). Also interacts with angiotensin 1-7 (By similarity). Interacts with APOM (By similarity). Interacts with selenoprotein SEPP1 (By similarity). Interacts with LEP (By similarity). Interacts with ALB (By similarity). Interacts with the antiapoptotic protein BIRC5/survivin (PubMed:23825075). Interacts with matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 in complex with metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP1 (By similarity). In neurons, forms a trimeric complex with APP and APPB1/FE65 (By similarity). Interacts with LDLRAP1/ARH; mediates trafficking of LRP2 to the endocytic recycling compartment (By similarity). Does not interact with beta-amyloid protein 40 alone but interacts with the complex composed of beta-amyloid protein 40 and CLU/APOJ (By similarity). Interacts with MDK (By similarity).

Molecular function

Receptor

More Types Infomation

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