C. albicans Hsp90

Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) is a chaperone protein that helps other proteins fold properly, stabilizes proteins against heat stress, and contributes to protein degradation. It also stabilizes many of the proteins required for tumor growth. Heat shock proteins are one of the most highly expressed cellular proteins in all species. As the name suggests, heat shock proteins protect cells under high temperature stress. Hsp90 is present in all branches of bacteria and eukaryotes but not in archaea. The overall structure of Hsp90 is similar to that of other proteins because it contains all common secondary structural elements (ie alpha helices, beta sheets and random coils). Hsp90 plays a significant role in the interaction of cells, as it is essential for protein production and maintenance as well as protein destruction. Its normal function is critical to maintaining cell health, and its imbalance may contribute to carcinogenesis. Efungumab (trade name Mycograb) is a drug developed by NeuTec Pharma to treat invasive Candida infection in combination with amphotericin B. The European Medicines Agency has twice refused to approve Mycograb's marketing approval on the grounds of product safety and quality issues. Chemically, efungumab is a single-chain variable fragment of a human monoclonal antibody. Therefore, it may be similar to IgA - inhibited by binding and blocking. It was later discovered that its ability to enhance the action of antifungal amphotericin B in culture is non-specific.