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TLR1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is ubiquitously expressed, and at higher levels than other TLR genes. Different length transcripts presumably resulting from use of alternative polyadenylation site, and/or from alternative splicing, have been noted for this gene.
Protein class

CD markers, Enzymes

Predicted location

Intracellular, Membrane (different isoforms)

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Kupffer cells, Macrophages, Microglial cells, monocytes, B-cells, Hofbauer cells)

Immune cell specificity

Immune cell enhanced (neutrophil)

Cell line specificity

Cell line enhanced (Daudi, HUVEC TERT2, RPMI-8226, U-698, U-937)

Interaction

Interacts (via extracellular domain) with TLR2. TLR2 seems to exist in heterodimers with either TLR1 or TLR6 before stimulation by the ligand. The heterodimers form bigger oligomers in response to their corresponding ligands as well as further heterotypic associations with other receptors such as CD14 and/or CD36 (PubMed:16880211, PubMed:17889651). The activation cluster TLR2:TLR1:CD14 forms in response to triacylated lipopeptides (PubMed:16880211). Binds MYD88 (via TIR domain). Interacts with CNPY3 (By similarity).

Molecular function

Hydrolase, Receptor

More Types Infomation

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For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.

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