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    CLOCK

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    Anti-CLOCK Recombinant Antibody Products

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    For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.


    The protein encoded by this gene plays a central role in the regulation of circadian rhythms. The protein encodes a transcription factor of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family and contains DNA binding histone acetyltransferase activity. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with ARNTL (BMAL1) that binds E-box enhancer elements upstream of Period (PER1, PER2, PER3) and Cryptochrome (CRY1, CRY2) genes and activates transcription of these genes. PER and CRY proteins heterodimerize and repress their own transcription by interacting in a feedback loop with CLOCK/ARNTL complexes. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with behavioral changes in certain populations and with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
    Protein class

    Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Transcription factors

    Predicted location

    Intracellular

    Single cell type specificity

    Low cell type specificity

    Immune cell specificity

    Low immune cell specificity

    Cell line specificity

    Low cell line specificity

    Interaction

    Component of the circadian clock oscillator which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS and the PER proteins (By similarity). Interacts with KMT2A; in a circadian manner (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with ARNTL/BMAL1 (PubMed:21613214, PubMed:23229515). The CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer is required for E-box-dependent transactivation, for CLOCK nuclear translocation and degradation, and for phosphorylation of both CLOCK and ARNTL/BMAL1 (By similarity). Interacts with NR3C1 in a ligand-dependent fashion (PubMed:21980503). Interacts with ESR1 and estrogen stimulates this interaction (PubMed:23160374). Interacts with the complex p35/CDK5 (PubMed:24235147). Interacts with RELA/p65 (By similarity). Interacts with KAT2B, CREBBP, EP300 (PubMed:14645221). Interacts with ID1 and ID3 (By similarity). Interacts with ID2 (PubMed:20861012). Interacts with MTA1 (By similarity). Interacts with OGA (By similarity). Interacts with SIRT1 (By similarity). Interacts with CIPC (By similarity). Interacts with EZH2 (By similarity). Interacts with EIF4E, PIWIL1 and DDX4 (By similarity). Interacts with PER2 and CRY1 and the interaction with PER and CRY proteins requires translocation to the nucleus. Interacts with PER1 and CRY2 (By similarity). Interaction of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer with PER or CRY inhibits transcription activation (PubMed:21613214). Interaction of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 with CRY1 is independent of DNA but with PER2 is off DNA (PubMed:21613214). The CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer interacts with GSK3B. Interacts with KDM5A (PubMed:21960634). Interacts with MYBBP1A (By similarity). Interacts with THRAP3 (By similarity). Interacts with MED1; this interaction requires the presence of THRAP3 (By similarity). Interacts with NCOA2 (By similarity). The CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer interacts with PASD1 (PubMed:25936801). Interacts with ASS1 and IMPDH2; in a circadian manner (PubMed:28985504). Interacts with NDUFA9 (PubMed:28985504). Interacts with PIWIL2 (via PIWI domain) (PubMed:28903391). Interacts with HNF4A (PubMed:30530698).

    Molecular function

    Activator, Acyltransferase, DNA-binding, Transferase

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