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    ACE2

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    For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.


    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme family of dipeptidyl carboxydipeptidases and has considerable homology to human angiotensin 1 converting enzyme. This secreted protein catalyzes the cleavage of angiotensin I into angiotensin 1-9, and angiotensin II into the vasodilator angiotensin 1-7. The organ- and cell-specific expression of this gene suggests that it may play a role in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal function, as well as fertility. In addition, the encoded protein is a functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein of the human coronaviruses SARS and HCoV-NL63.
    Protein class

    Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Transporters

    Predicted location

    Membrane, Secreted (different isoforms)

    Single cell type specificity

    Cell type enriched (Proximal enterocytes)

    Immune cell specificity

    Not detected in immune cells

    Cell line specificity

    Cell line enhanced (NB-4, NTERA-2, SuSa)

    Interaction

    Homodimer (PubMed:32132184). Interacts with the catalytically active form of TMPRSS2 (PubMed:21068237). Interacts with SLC6A19; this interaction is essential for expression and function of SLC6A19 in intestine (By similarity). Interacts with ITGA5:ITGB1 (PubMed:15276642, PubMed:33102950). Probably interacts (via endocytic sorting signal motif) with AP2M1; the interaction is inhibited by phosphorylation of Tyr-781 (PubMed:33436498). Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with SLC9A3R1 (via PDZ domains); the interaction may enhance ACE2 membrane residence (PubMed:34189428). (Microbial infection) Interacts with SARS coronavirus/SARS-CoV spike protein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with human coronavirus NL63 spike protein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with human coronavirus NL63/HCoV-NL63 spike glycoprotein. [Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2]: (Microbial infection) Interacts with SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 spike protein; the interaction is increased by AVP/Arg-vasopressin with which they may form a complex.

    Molecular function

    Carboxypeptidase, Host cell receptor for virus entry, Hydrolase, Metalloprotease, Protease, Receptor

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