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    For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.


    Background

    The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. The protein encoded by this gene can be activated by various ligands including interferon-alpha, interferon-gamma, EGF, PDGF and IL6. This protein mediates the expression of a variety of genes, which is thought to be important for cell viability in response to different cell stimuli and pathogens. The protein plays an important role in immune responses to viral, fungal and mycobacterial pathogens.
    Protein class

    Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Transcription factors

    Predicted location

    Intracellular

    Single cell type specificity

    Low cell type specificity

    Immune cell specificity

    Low immune cell specificity

    Cell line specificity

    Cell line enhanced (BJ hTERT+ SV40 Large T+, BJ hTERT+ SV40 Large T+ RasG12V)

    Interaction

    Isoform alpha homodimerizes upon IFN-gamma induced phosphorylation (PubMed:8605877, 28753426). Heterodimer with STAT2 upon IFN-alpha/beta induced phosphorylation (PubMed:8605877). The heterodimer STAT1:STAT2 forms the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 complex (ISGF3) with IRF9 (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated at Ser-727) with PIAS1; the interaction results in release of STAT1 from its target gene (PubMed:9724754, 17897103). Interacts with IFNAR1; the interaction requires the phosphorylation of IFNAR1 at 'Tyr-466' (PubMed:9121453). Interacts with IFNAR2 (PubMed:9121453). Found in a complex with NMI and CREBBP/CBP (PubMed:9989503). Interacts with NMI which is required for CREBBP/CBP recruitment to the complex (PubMed:9989503). Interacts with PTK2/FAK1 (PubMed:11278462). Interacts with SRC (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB4 (phosphorylated) (PubMed:18721752). Interacts with PARP9 and DTX3L independently of IFN-beta or IFN-gamma-mediated STAT1 'Tyr-701' phosphorylation (PubMed:26479788). Interacts with histone acetyltransferase EP300/p300 in response to INF-gamma stimulation (PubMed:26479788). Interacts with OTOP1 (By similarity). Interacts with IFNGR1 (PubMed:8156998). (Microbial infection) Interacts with Sendai virus C', C, Y1 and Y2 proteins, preventing activation of ISRE and GAS promoter. (Microbial infection) Interacts with Nipah virus P, V and W proteins preventing activation of ISRE and GAS promoter. (Microbial infection) Interacts with Rabies virus phosphoprotein preventing activation of ISRE and GAS promoter. (Microbial infection) Interacts with HCV core protein; the interaction results in STAT1 degradation. (Microbial infection) Interacts with ebolavirus protein VP24.

    Molecular function

    Activator, DNA-binding

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