GeneSpark™ Rat GAPDH Promoter Primers (VS-0725-FY36)
CAT#: VS-0725-FY36
The Rat GAPDH Promoter Primers provide a reliable tool for amplifying DNA isolated via chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). This product features a pre-mixed set of forward and reverse PCR primers specifically targeting the promoter region of the rat glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene. GAPDH is a ubiquitously expressed housekeeping gene, making its promoter a common positive control for active transcription. These primers are optimized for use in SYBR® Green quantitative real-time PCR and have been thoroughly validated with Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kits and ChIP-validated antibodies. They facilitate consistent and accurate assessment of active chromatin states in rat models.
Specifications
- Application
- ChIP
- Application Notes
- The core function of primers in ChIP experiments is to serve as specific probes for detecting and quantifying particular DNA fragments enriched after immunoprecipitation, thereby revealing protein-DNA interactions.
- Workflow
- 1. Label PCR tubes/plates for duplicates, no-DNA control, and a 2% total input chromatin DNA serial dilution.
2. Add 2 μl ChIP DNA sample per well/tube.
3. Prepare and add 18 μl master PCR reaction mix (Nuclease-free H2O, Primers, SYBR® Green).
4. Run 40 cycles of PCR: 95°C for 3 min; then 95°C for 15 sec, primer-specific temp for 60 sec (repeated).
5. Analyze results with real-time PCR software.
- Size
- 0.5 mL
- Components
- These primers are supplied in nuclease-free water at a precise 5 μM concentration for each individual primer, ensuring accurate and contamination-free experimental setup.
- Biological Samples
- Rat
- Storage
- Store at -20°C.
Target
- Full Name
- Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
- Introduction
- This gene encodes a member of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. The product of this gene catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism, the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the presence of inorganic phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The encoded protein has additionally been identified to have uracil DNA glycosylase activity in the nucleus. Also, this protein contains a peptide that has antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. Studies of a similar protein in mouse have assigned a variety of additional functions including nitrosylation of nuclear proteins, the regulation of mRNA stability, and acting as a transferrin receptor on the cell surface of macrophage. Many pseudogenes similar to this locus are present in the human genome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
- Alternative Names
- Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase; Peptidyl-Cysteine S-Nitrosylase GAPDH; EC 1.2.1.12; GAPD; Epididymis Secretory Sperm Binding Protein Li 162eP; Oct1 Coactivator In S Phase, 38 Kd Component; Aging-Associated Gene 9 Protein
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