The bacterial family Chlamydiaceae is comprised of two genera, Chlamydia and Chlamydophila, with a total of four species, C. psittaci, C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and C. pecorum, all of which are pathogenic and obligatory intracellular bacteria that cause a variety of diseases in both animals and humans. Antibodies against specific lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structures play an important role in the clinical diagnosis of chlamydial diseases in medicine. The LPS of Chlamydiaceae are highly immunogenic and contains a family-specific epitope of the structure Kdo(2→8)Kdo(2→4)Kdo where Kdo is 3-deoxy-α-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid.