ribonuclease A

The Ribonuclease A superfamily (RNase A superfamily) is called the Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease family, which contains all vertebrate ribonucleases that are homologous to bovine pancreatic ribonuclease. The ribonuclease A superfamily belongs to a branch of the ribonuclease family and is widely distributed in vertebrates. Representative mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds and fish are the most widely studied. A family of ribonucleases.
Ribonuclease A has a molecular weight of 13.64 kDa and an amino acid sequence consisting of 124 amino acid residues. The sequence contains four disulfide bonds (disulfide bond positions: 26-84, 40-95, 58-110, 65). -72), it has 4 active centers, Lys7, His12, Lys41 and His119. Ribonuclease A has high heat resistance, and heavy metals can inhibit its enzymatic activity. X-ray diffraction and mass spectrometry analysis showed that its spatial structure was kidney-shaped. Because of its four disulfide bonds, the spatial structure is very stable; ribonuclease A has the highest activity at pH 7.0-7.5 and can hydrolyze the 3' end of the pyrimidine residue on the RNA and the phosphoric acid formed by the adjacent nucleotide. Ester bond.
There are many common features among the members of the ribonuclease A superfamily. First, they all have the general catalytic activity of ribonuclease, that is, hydrolyze RNA; second, their proteins are composed of about 130 amino acids, amino acids. The first-order sequence has 20 ~ 100% similarity. Third, the amino acid sequence of the ribonuclease A superfamily member contains the conserved sequence "CKXXNTF (conservative amino acid sequence, XX can be any amino acid). Fourth, ribose Members of the nuclease A superfamily have three or four pairs of disulfide bonds that fold into a conserved three-dimensional structure.
For many years, people have been looking for ways to cure malignant tumors. Currently, ordinary radiotherapy and chemotherapy cannot completely cure malignant tumors. In recent years, the use of bioactive substances with high cytotoxicity and genetic engineering for molecular treatment has gradually become a research hotspot in this field. Some members of the ribonuclease A superfamily have high cytotoxicity and can kill tumor cells to varying degrees. Therefore, they are used in tumor treatment, and some have even entered the clinical trial stage. Onconas' research shows us the hope of completely curing malignant tumors.

Ribonuclease A (RNase A) is an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components, specifically nucleotides and oligonucleotides. It is commonly found in pancreatic secretions and plays a significant role in RNA metabolism. RNase A is notable for its role in the digestive system, particularly in the breakdown of RNA from food sources. Its activity is also utilized in various biotechnological and laboratory applications, including RNA isolation and purification.