Fe-S Cluster

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ancient and ubiquitous inorganic cofactors, fundamental to life across all domains. These remarkably versatile clusters, composed of iron and inorganic sulfur atoms, are found integrated within a vast array of proteins, granting them diverse and critical functions in virtually every cellular process. While their exact origin remains a subject of study, it is widely accepted that they played a pivotal role in early life forms and metabolic pathways due to their inherent redox properties in an oxygen-poor early Earth.