PIN-Cocktail 2

The combination of AMACR (P504S), p63 and HMW CK may be very useful for diagnosing PIN and small focal adenocarcinoma, especially in difficult cases and cases with limited tissue. The combination of p63 and HMW CK antibody provides a preservation method for detecting basal cells, while AMACR (P504S) only marks cancer cells and PIN lesions. P504S (AMACR, α-methylacyl-CoA racemase) is an essential enzyme in the b-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. By immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue, it was found that AMACR protein was highly expressed in prostate adenocarcinoma, but not in benign prostate tissue. AMACR expression has also been detected in prostate precancerous lesions, such as prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). The p63 protein is a homologue of the tumor suppressor p53 and is highly expressed in the basal layer or progenitor cell nucleus of many epithelial tissues. P63 was detected in the prostate basal cells of normal prostate and PIN. Other markers of basal cells are high molecular weight cytokeratins (CK 1, 5, 10, and 14), which can be labeled with HMW CK clone 34βE12. In prostate adenocarcinoma, the basal cells disappeared, and both p63 and HMW CK staining failed. Therefore, the combination of p63 and HMW CK is a useful tool as a differential marker (negative marker) for benign prostate and adenocarcinoma. 1. Human AMACR (P504S) protein, α-methylacyl-CoA racemase, 2. Human p63 nucleoprotein and 3. High molecular weight cytokeratin (56-57 and 66-68 kDa).