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    SNCA

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    For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.


    Background

    Alpha-synuclein is a member of the synuclein family, which also includes beta- and gamma-synuclein. Synucleins are abundantly expressed in the brain and alpha- and beta-synuclein inhibit phospholipase D2 selectively. SNCA may serve to integrate presynaptic signaling and membrane trafficking. Defects in SNCA have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease. SNCA peptides are a major component of amyloid plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimers disease. Four alternatively spliced transcripts encoding two different isoforms have been identified for this gene.
    Protein class

    Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Transporters

    Predicted location

    Intracellular

    Single cell type specificity

    Cell type enhanced (Erythroid cells, Melanocytes, Excitatory neurons, Oligodendrocytes)

    Immune cell specificity

    Immune cell enhanced (plasmacytoid DC)

    Cell line specificity

    Cell line enhanced (HEL, HUVEC TERT2, RT4, SK-MEL-30, TIME)

    Interaction

    Soluble monomer. Homotetramer (PubMed:21841800). A dynamic intracellular population of tetramers and monomers coexists normally and the tetramer plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis (PubMed:21841800). Interacts with UCHL1 (By similarity). Interacts with phospholipase D and histones. Interacts (via N-terminus) with synphilin-1/SNCAIP; this interaction promotes formation of SNCA inclusions in the cytoplasm (PubMed:19762560). Interacts with CALM1 (PubMed:23607618). Interacts with STXBP1; this interaction controls SNCA self-replicating aggregation (PubMed:27597756). Interacts with SNARE components VAMP2 and SNAP25; these interactions allows SNARE complex assembly and integrity (PubMed:20798282). Interacts with RPH3A and RAB3A (PubMed:15207266). Interacts with SERF1A; this interaction promotes the aggregation of SNCA (PubMed:22854022, PubMed:31034892). Interacts with SEPTIN4 (By similarity).

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