PROM1 & CD3

The protein encoded by this gene is part of the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex (TCR/CD3 complex) and is involved in T-cell development and signal transduction. The encoded membrane protein represents the delta subunit of the CD3 complex, and along with four other CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. Defects in this gene are a cause of severe combined immunodeficiency autosomal recessive T-cell-negative/B-cell-positive/NK-cell-positive (SCIDBNK). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Other variants may also exist, but the full-length natures of their transcripts has yet to be defined.

PROM1 (Prominin 1) encodes a protein involved in the maintenance of stem cell properties and is a key marker for stem cells, particularly in the hematopoietic and neural systems. It is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. PROM1 has been studied for its potential therapeutic implications in cancer, where its expression can help identify cancer stem cells, which are often resistant to conventional treatments.