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    TLR9

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    For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.


    The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. Studies in mice and human indicate that this receptor mediates cellular response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA to mount an innate immune response.
    Protein class

    CD markers, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes

    Predicted location

    Membrane

    Single cell type specificity

    Group enriched (B-cells, Plasma cells, Paneth cells, Microglial cells)

    Immune cell specificity

    Immune cell enriched (plasmacytoid DC)

    Cell line specificity

    Group enriched (Daudi, RPMI-8226, U-698)

    Interaction

    Monomer and homodimer. Exists as a monomer in the absence of unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) ligand. Proteolytic processing of an insertion loop (Z-loop) is required for homodimerization upon binding to the unmethylated CpG ligand leading to its activation (By similarity). Interacts with MYD88 via their respective TIR domains (By similarity). Interacts with BTK (PubMed:17932028). Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with UNC93B1. Interacts with CD300LH; the interaction may promote full activation of TLR9-triggered innate responses (By similarity). Interacts with CNPY3 and HSP90B1; this interaction is required for proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:20865800). Interacts with SMPDL3B (By similarity).

    Molecular function

    Receptor

    More Types Infomation
    Related Signaling Pathways
    NLR Signaling Pathway NLR Signaling Pathway
    TLR Signaling Pathway TLR Signaling Pathway
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