FcγRI & CD33

This gene encodes a protein that plays an important role in the immune response. This protein is a high-affinity Fc-gamma receptor. The gene is one of three related gene family members located on chromosome 1.

CD33 is a sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec-3) predominantly expressed on myeloid lineage cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, and granulocytes. It functions as an inhibitory receptor by recruiting SHP-1 and SHP-2 phosphatases, which dampen immune signaling. CD33 plays a role in myeloid cell regulation, influencing inflammation and immune tolerance. Importantly, CD33 is a key marker for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as it is highly expressed on leukemic blasts. Anti-CD33-targeted therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates (e.g., gemtuzumab ozogamicin), have been developed for AML treatment. However, CD33-targeted strategies require careful consideration to avoid impairing normal myeloid functions.