EGFR & IGFR

EGFR encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell growth, survival, and differentiation. It is activated by binding to its ligands, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), and mediates downstream signaling pathways that control cellular processes like proliferation, migration, and differentiation. EGFR is critical in normal development, wound healing, and tissue repair. However, mutations or overexpression of EGFR are associated with various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), making EGFR a target for cancer therapies, including monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

This receptor binds insulin-like growth factor with a high affinity. It has tyrosine kinase activity. The insulin-like growth factor I receptor plays a critical role in transformation events. Cleavage of the precursor generates alpha and beta subunits. It is highly overexpressed in most malignant tissues where it functions as an anti-apoptotic agent by enhancing cell survival. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.