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MYC

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For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.


Background

The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional, nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cellular transformation. It functions as a transcription factor that regulates transcription of specific target genes. Mutations, overexpression, rearrangement and translocation of this gene have been associated with a variety of hematopoietic tumors, leukemias and lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma. There is evidence to show that alternative translation initiations from an upstream, in-frame non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG start site result in the production of two isoforms with distinct N-termini. The synthesis of non-AUG initiated protein is suppressed in Burkitt's lymphomas, suggesting its importance in the normal function of this gene.
MYC is a potent and pleiotropic transcription factor that sits at a critical nexus of cellular control. It regulates the expression of a vast number of genes, influencing nearly every aspect of cell biology, including cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, differentiation, and apoptosis. Given its fundamental role, MYC protein levels and activity are exquisitely regulated, and even subtle dysregulation can have profound consequences, often leading to uncontrolled cell division and contributing to the development and progression of various cancers. One of the most important regulatory mechanisms for MYC's stability and function is its phosphorylation.
Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Transcription factors

Predicted location

Intracellular, Membrane (different isoforms)

Single cell type specificity

Cell type enhanced (Basal squamous epithelial cells, Basal prostatic cells, Suprabasal keratinocytes, Basal keratinocytes, Squamous epithelial cells)

Immune cell specificity

Low immune cell specificity

Cell line specificity

Cell line enhanced (RPMI-8226)

Interaction

Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Binds DNA as a heterodimer with MAX (PubMed:9680483). Interacts with TAF1C and SPAG9. Interacts with PARP10. Interacts with KDM5A and KDM5B. Interacts (when phosphorylated at Thr-58 and Ser-62) with FBXW7(PubMed:25775507, PubMed:17558397). Interacts with PIM2. Interacts with RIOX1. The heterodimer MYC:MAX interacts with ABI1; the interaction may enhance MYC:MAX transcriptional activity. Interacts with TRIM6 (By similarity). Interacts with NPM1; the binary complex is recruited to the promoter of MYC target genes and enhances their transcription (PubMed:25956029). Interacts with CIP2A; leading to the stabilization of MYC (PubMed:17632056).

Molecular function

Activator, DNA-binding

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