Racotumomab Overview

Introduction of Racotumomab

Racotumomab (originally known as 1E10 mAb) is an anti-idiotype murine IgG1 directed to membrane glycoconjugates expressed in aggressive solid tumors and an anti-idiotype murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific to P3 MoAb with anti-metastatic effect. It was developed as a mirror image of the idiotype of another antibody against N-glycolyl-containing molecules, such as the NeuGcGM3 ganglioside. Its trade name is Vaxira, which is developed for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine by researchers at the Center of Molecular Immunology, Cuba in collaboration with researchers from the Buenos Aires University, Argentina. It was granted certificate of approval by the State Center for Quality Control of Medicines of Cuba and by January 2013 was used as the primary treatment for NSCLC independent of the disease stage. It induces the patient's immune system to generate a response against a cancer-specific molecular target with the purpose of blocking tumor growth, slowing disease progression and ultimately increasing patient survival. Unlike traditional treatments for cancer with chemotherapy and radiation whereby healthy cells are attacked alongside cancerous ones, racotumomab is a well-tolerates cancer treatment with the most common side effect is burning in the arm and slight pain in the injection area as well as a possibility of asthenia.

Mechanism of Action of Racotumomab

Gangliosides are concentrated on the surface of mammalian cells and play an important role in cell growth and differentiation. NGc gangliosides, however, are practically undetectable in healthy human tissues and fluids. The lack of expression of this type of sialic acid in humans is due to the inactivating mutation in the CMP-Neu5Ac hydroxylase gene, enzyme responsible for Neu5Gc biosynthesis of Neu5Gc-containing molecules. Nonetheless, the NGcGM3 ganglioside is highly expressed in several human cancers, including lung, breast, melanocytes, colon and neuroectodermal pediatric tumors, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. The most accepted theory for this phenomenon is the incorporation of Neu5Gc from dietary sources. Racotumomab is an anti-idiotypic mouse monoclonal antibody that functionally mimics the three-dimensional structure of NGc gangliosides, thus triggering a humoral and cellular immune response against the tumor antigen NGcGM3. Therefore, rather than being a passive antibody therapy, Racotumomab acts as a therapeutic vaccine. In melanoma, breast, and lung cancer patients, Racotumomab was able to elicit a specific immune response that recognized and directly killed tumor cells expressing the neoantigen by a mechanism of oncotic necrosis. The specific expression of NGcGM3 in malignant cells reduces the potential risk of an immune cross-reactivity that could cause serious adverse effects.

Fig.1 Mechanism of action of Racotumomab

Table 1. Clinical Projects of Racotumomab*

What We Provide

Therapeutic Antibody

Racotumomab

We provide high-quality Racotumomab for use in WB, FC, IP, ELISA, Neut, FuncS, IF and most other immunological methods. For lab research use only, not for diagnostic, therapeutic or any in vivo human use.

Reference
* The table was excerpted from the following website
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=Racotumomab

For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.